This seminar paper examines the profound effects of colonialism and globalization on Nigeria's cultural identity. Drawing from historical, literary, and empirical sources, it explores how British colonial rule disrupted indigenous cultures, languages, and social structures, leading to a hybridized identity marked by cultural erosion and resistance. Globalization, as a contemporary force, exacerbates this through cultural homogenization, media influence, and economic interdependence, while also offering opportunities for cultural exchange and revival. The study employs postcolonial theory and cultural imperialism frameworks to analyse these impacts. Through a qualitative desk research methodology, secondary data from scholarly articles, books, and reports are reviewed. Findings reveal ongoing identity crises, including language loss among youth and the dominance of Western norms, but also resilience in preserving traditions. Recommendations include promoting cultural education, policy interventions for heritage preservation, and leveraging digital platforms for indigenous narratives. This paper contributes to understanding Nigeria's postcolonial trajectory in a globalized world.