The successful delivery of construction projects in tertiary institutions depends on effective planning, sound financial management, and the ability to manage external environmental challenges. The study examined the influence of construction project planning techniques, financial management practices, and contextual environmental factors on construction project performance in polytechnics in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population of the study comprised of 67 construction and project management personnel responsible for the planning, supervision, and execution of construction projects in the selected polytechnics. The Data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire which was validated by experts and presented an acceptable reliability Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of 0.75. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 26 at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the implementation of construction project planning techniques and financial management practices was moderate, while the overall performance of construction projects was also rated as moderate. In contrast, contextual environmental factors were found to have a significant influence on project implementation. The regression analysis showed a strong positive correlation between the predictor variables and construction project performance, with three variables significantly contributing to the project performance. The study suggest that improvement in project planning practices, strengthening of financial management systems, and effective strategies to tackle environmental challenges are essential for enhancing construction project performance in polytechnics in Adamawa State. Among the recommendations proffered include, adoption of modern project planning techniques and proactive strategies for managing financial and environmental risks.